Altering logos is one of the integral parts of rebranding. This is usually when a business decides to modify their core competencies and to showcase the change that they bring with them, there have been times when they have changed their slogans along with logos.

This is a pivotal way of staying connected to your customers, to make them aware of the reasons why you are bringing out a change. But before you change your logo once again, it is great to remind yourself as a brand marketer that your logo must be;

• Timeless and versatile
• Simple but eye-catching
• Meaningful
• Trendy but relevant

In this blog, you will come across a massive revolution in the leading brands and companies that have lived in the world for years. It may be possible that their logo has been improved several times since their inceptions might inspire you to seek for free online logo creator so keep following to know!

1. Amazon

The epitome of e-commerce, the place where nothing ever goes out of stock, although one doesn’t know the secrets of Amazon’s strategies but is there anyone who doesn’t adore this giant? After several replacements in their logo, Amazon now has so far, the best logos, in contrast to its history. Initially, in 1995, the company was dependent on monochrome, combining blank and with a white base. And then it gradually added a hint of yellow, which is a seamlessly appealing color, and then finally in today’s logo especially for Amazon Prime, you will see some blue.

The most favorable part of the brand’s success is that it doesn’t have to impress the audience with its logo because it is already known, recognized, and admired.

2. Google

Are you someone who says, ‘search it’, or someone who says, ‘Google it’; see how robust this huge search engine is? A company that doesn’t need to market itself because it is already earning mega returns. Having said that, Google has changed its logos only once, and do you know why? Well, when the company started off, its logo was basic with no edgy dimensions, however, the letters seemed bold and the color choice was also on point.

However, with the passage of time, it wanted to upgrade the look so they kept everything constant, with no big changes except for giving a digital look by diminishing the impact of colors; so fast forward to today, one can easily know what the Google logos is like; simple, unique and vibrant.

3. Coca Cola

A brand with the largest market share of beverages, the black drink has the heart of people across the globe. It not only tastes great but the brand knows how to grab the audience’s attention at large. For this reason, Coca-Cola believes in constant efforts for their marketing to keep the consumers hooked to them. They come up with intriguing campaigns and do as much as they can to widen their base. So, what about their logos? Well, the brand has changed its logo multiple times.

The brand started off in 1886 when the prints were black and white, and the logo was a simple wordmark. In 1993, a coke bottle was introduced in the logo that made it look too much for the viewers to see. Centuries later today, in their dancing font, Coca-Cola has its logo sorted in red and white.

4. McDonald’s

Amazing taste with a long-lasting impression, McDonald’s has its footprint on the ground for decades. It is rejoiced by people of all ages. With extraordinary marketing skills, the global food chain has been rigorous when it is about its logo. The brand has transformed with its logo to an extent that it has moved from too much writing in its logo to a simpler tone. Today, you will see there is nothing but that ‘Yellow M’ that suffices to impress the world.

The thing with this is that initially, you need to add your brand name in the logos so that everyone starts knowing who you are, what your products are, and so on, so forth. Therefore, their logo is enough whether it is on the packaging or amidst the highway, when you see that brightening logo, you know you are captivated and the craving pinch you right away.

5. Microsoft

Famous for its unbeatable software, people have great memories with Microsoft particularly when there was nearly no competitor to it. It is one of the historical companies that the world can never forget. In recent times, the logo has changed with robust enthusiasm. Back in the days, the logo seemed old school radiating a historical vibe; whereas today it is digitally advanced if you give it a look. Between the first and last logos, several fonts have been altered and given a new look. From bold and italic wordmark to a logo without the company name, the present logo has a four-colored window.

In a Crux About Logos

To create a logo in a certain way is a brand’s choice but keeping the reactions and anticipated views of your customers must never be forgotten just like these inspiring brands haven’t.

For the proper stoichiometric calculations and analysis of product quantity achieved during a chemical reaction, different types of yield calculations are made in chemistry. Among the reaction yields in chemistry, the theoretical is the most notable one.

Other reaction yields i.e. actual yield and theoretical yield needs theoretical yield in order to be calculated. Nevertheless, the theoretical yield is the reaction yield that provides the quantity of products under ideal circumstances.

In the article below is described the importance of theoretical yield along with actual meaning of theoretical yield.

Theoretical Yield

In chemistry, the theoretical yield is simply the product quantity predicted before the beginning of the reaction. Or in other words it is the number of products or output which we had predicted at the start of the reaction. 

Only after the limiting reactant is used up and it is impossible to make any more products from the remaining chemicals, a chemical reaction is then considered as being complete. Theoretical output is an ideal output and of course it is not achievable. 

Because it includes the continuance of reaction under perfect conditions such as:

• The reactants have to be pure and no impurities should be present.
• There should be no loss in products as the precise yield according to reactants is obtained.
• There should be no by-products production with the actual product.

All of these circumstances are perfect and require to be 100% efficient. These conditions cannot be reached under regular conditions. This is why theoretical yield is difficult to attain. In addition, the theoretical output is quite difficult to compute. 

It involves a fundamental procedure in calculating theoretical yield which requires:

• The chemical equation must have to be balanced.
• Before deriving theoretical yield, it is important to calculate the mole ratio between reactants and products.

Hence, the theoretical output is computed on the basis of the reactant’s number of moles. Moreover, you have to first know the reaction equation and calculate how many moles are being used for each reactant to estimate a theoretical yield.

Calculating Theoretical Yield

In chemistry, you may characterize the greatest product quantity you can expect from a chemical process by means of the theoretical yield. The theoretical yield may be found and calculated in many steps including. 

First of all, the limiting reactant must be identified among the reactants. To simplify things, the limiting reactant is the reactant which is in less quantity to acquire products. After you find your experiment’s limiting reactant, you can easily calculate its theoretical yield. Many online tools provide the accurate theoretical yield as well  its relative topics like percentage yield.  For example theoretical yield calculator and percent yield calculator.

Importance of Theoretical Yield

As mentioned above, the greatest quantity of product that may be produced from the given reactant amounts is termed the theoretical yield. Calculating theoretical yield is highly significant in stoichiometric calculations, as it gives an idea of a product that could be maximally obtained. 

Prior to conducting our experiment in real, the theoretical yield calculations inform us what quantity of product to be expected. Thus, we can find the efficiency of our reaction and reactants by comparing the original results and our theoretically calculated value.

Therefore, in order to determine the percentage yield, the theoretical yield must first be calculated based on stoichiometry i.e. calculating how much the product should be generated. As the percentage yield is represented as a percentage of the actual yield to theoretical yield. 

The percentage yield provides us with a comparison of our predicted product’s quantity and actually received quantity of product. Ultimately providing us with the effectiveness of the limiting reagents in the chemical reaction.

Thus, by calculating percentage yield we are actually competent and efficient in our reaction. As the theoretical yield is required in order to calculate percentage yield, eventually the theoretical yield is highly significant for stoichiometric calculations.

Wrapping Up

The theoretical yield is the maximum quantity of product that can be achieved theoretically. It is practically impossible to obtain the quantity of product as per theoretical yield. Based on the stoichiometry of the chemical equation, theoretical yield is determined. Calculating theoretical yield is highly important as it first gives us an idea of products that can be achieved secondly for analysis of the reactions efficiency.

HP Ultrium Tape Drive

Ten months ago, we gathered the team of IBM Research from Switzerland as well as IBM tape developers within Tucson, Arizona, to attempt to create sas tape drive that drive technology that had never been developed before, to tackle a threat which may not come to fruition for a decade or more. As you can see, we’re a sucker for a good test.

The danger is posed by quantum advantage, the moment where a quantum computer is able to perform a particular task significantly quicker than a traditional computer. The problem we had to face was how to create the HP Ultrium Tape Drive, due to the speed of quantum computing advancement we can expect that data that is protected by techniques of encryption that use asymmetric algorithms could become unsecure.

Preparing Cybersecurity for a Quantum World

Quantum computing is a new type of computing that utilizes the power of quantum mechanical phenomena to tackle certain kinds of problems that are essentially impossible to solve using conventional computers. Quantum Advantage will be realized as quantum computers surpass traditional computers. At this point they’re expected to allow significant advancements in fields like bioinformatics, chemistry and artificial intelligence, however in the same way, they could affect information security.

Modern storage technologies, including magnetic tape drives employ the combination of symmetric and encrypted asymmetric techniques to ensure that data they store is secure. In the near future the security of today’s encryption techniques that are asymmetric will likely be compromised by advancements technology in quantum computing.

With the speed of progress in quantum computing it is predicted that symmetric encryption could become unsecure in the coming 10-30 years. Although this may seem a long way off from the future tape systems are typically utilized to store data for years, this is the reason it’s vital to implement quantum computing-safe systems now to allow clients enough time to transition to quantum computing before their data is vulnerable.

Making Tape Quantum Computing Safe

To be prepared for the potential impact quantum computers could affect data security, IBM Research has been creating cryptographic algorithms that can withstand security threats that could be posed from quantum computing.

These algorithms are based upon Lattice Cryptography, which is connected to a number of mathematical challenges which have been researched since the 1980’s , and haven’t been harmed by any algorithmic attacks, be it quantum or classical.

CRYSTALS have their roots in the complexity of mathematical issues which have been researched since the 1980’s, and haven’t been harmed by any algorithmic attack.

In collaboration with various commercial and academic partners like: ENS Lyon, Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica and Radboud University, IBM researchers have created two quantum resistant cryptographic primitives, based on this research: Kyber, a secure key encapsulation mechanism , and Dilithium, a safe digital signature technique. Two algorithms comprise”the “Cryptographic Suite for Algebraic Lattices” we refer to as “CRYSTALS”.

Both algorithms are considered candidates for the second phase of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Post Quantum Cryptography standardization process. They will be announced on the eve of the Second PQC Standardization Conference at the University of Santa Barbara, between August 22 and 24, 2019.

The brand new IBM quantum computing safe prototype tape drive built on a cutting-edge IBM TS1160 drive. It utilizes Kyber and Dilithium as well as AES-256 symmetric encryption to create the first quantum computing-safe tape drive. New algorithms will be integrated in the firmware of the tape drive and could be offered to users as a firmware update for tape drives or included in the firmware of the next generation of tape drive.

It has a long tradition of establishing itself as a leader in storage security and is a crucial technology to protect and preserve information. For instance, IBM tape drives were the first storage technology that offered integrated encryption, starting in the form of the Ts1120 Enterprise Tape Drive.

Furthermore, tape adds another layer of security by establishing an air gap between data that is stored on the cartridge and the outside the world i.e. the data that is stored on the cartridge is not readable or altered unless stored inside the tape drive. The security and security offered by tape drives and their cost-effective total cost of ownership has led to tape becoming the preferred technology that is used to archive data on the cloud as well in scientific and commercial data centers.

With the advancement of quantum computing-safe encryption technologies, IBM Tape continues the tradition of being a leader in tape security and encryption, and reiterates its long-term commitment to this crucial component of the modern storage infrastructure.